Moon Spring in Dunhuang

I am teaching history in the US, thus when I decided a China tour, I set directly for Dunhuang, I believe that many of you will agree with me, Dunhuang is a small but ancient and historical city, very important in ancient Asian civilization. It is in China's province of Guansu. It is an Oasis city along the fabled Silk Road, leading from the important city of Xi'an (home of the Terra Cotta Warriors) toward the countries of the West. Dunhuang is the half way point from the ancient metropolis of Xi'an to the borders of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, and India and was an important desert-oasis rest-stop for the travelling caravans of merchants, religious and diplomatic envoys, and adventurers heading to and from China. It is a very beautiful and green city, but is completely surrounded by huge desert sand dunes and larger forboding mountains. Dunhuang has seen its importance rise and fall with the development of more modern and efficient transportation of China's valuable exports of Silk, Porcelain, Spices, Jade throughout China's long history. Once a melting pot of cultures and religions, Dunhuang's ancient and spectacular historical sites, especially the fascinating Mogao Cave Paintings, are now visited by an ever increasing influx of tourists from around the world. There are many beautiful sites and repositories of Buddhist art surrounding this lovely oasis-city of Dunhuang.About 3 miles south of Dunhuang, and only 5 minutes from my unique and comfortable hotel, is "Yueya Quan", also known as the Crescent Moon Lake, a small freshwater lake that has been a vital sources of water here for thousands of years. It is situated adjacent to the "Mingsha Shan" (the Singing Sand Mountain-Dunes), which tower several hundred feet high. The dunes were named after the noise made as the grains of sand are crunched under foot. I was quite aware of this sound as we climbed these steep dunes for some remarkable views across the city of Dunhuang and the surrounding desert. For the many hundreds of daily tourists like me, a range of exciting activities are available surrounding these golden sand dunes, making it a more memorable visit. Of course there are the obligatory camel rides along the desert trails leading toward to height of the mountain like sand dunes, as well as para-gliding, ultralights, and sand tobogganing. Dunhuang's Crescent-shaped Spring is encircled by the MingSha Sand-Mountain. It is unique for its crescent-shaped water body, about 100 feet long from south to north and 60 feet wide from east to west. It is deepest (15 feet) in the east-water and more shallow in the west. The blue water of the graceful Crescent-shaped Spring looks like an in-laid jewel in the golden sands. Grasses, weaving reeds and some scattered willows grow around the body of spring-water. This tiny body of fresh-water has been on this spot for unknown thousands and perhaps millions of years, never drying up and never covered by sand. It has served and refreshed caravans of merchants and travellers along the Silk Road since its inception. A story tells of living forever and never growing old after eating the "Tiebei Fish / Qixing Cao" within the spring water. I had no luck finding some of these tiny fish, and so I can only imagine, that my years on earth are still numbered. In ancient historical scrolls of the region, the crescent-shaped water has been described as blue, clear and bright as a mirror. It is lauded as a unique geographical miracle, that the spring water never dries up in a location, where the evaporation is 100 times as large as the rainfall.
On the journey, there are many people as me, the first time to travel China. We all felt deeply impressed. It is said that, when ancient Chinese people feel excited, they recite poems. And my guide recited an excellent poem by a poet from the Qing Dynasty, vividly traces the splendor of the Crescent-shaped Spring:
"Crescent-shaped Spring water being clear, blue and bright like a mirror, what matter if wind blows and sand beats, the inter-promoting relation exists between them, getting spring water to cook tea after strolling the spring." Only a few temples remain of hundreds, that were once situated along the south bank of the spring, and the site became an important Taoist holy ground in Dunhuang. The region of the Mogao Grotto and Caves was known as the Holy Land of Buddhism and the Crescent-shape Spring and the Mingsha Mountains became that for the Taoists. Taoism is the most traditional philosophy of the Chinese culture. This China trip to such beautiful Crescent-shaped Spring, looking up into the sky as if it were a bright eye, encircled by the golden Mingsha Mountain, certainly was another highlight during my summer travels of 2010.